Ploidy refers to the number of sets of homologous chromosomes in the genome of a cell or an organism.
Polyploidy is a cellular genetic condition in which there are more than two sets of chromosomes;
Polyploid plants are extremely important in two areas of genetics: evolution and genetic improvement;
Polyploidy allow to obtain new cultivars with better phenotypic characteristics compared to Diploid genotypes;
In general, Polyploid plants are more vigorous;
It is often attributed to polyploidy, through the accumulation of many genomes, greater diversity and adaptability than their parents;
Plant Genome Sequencing: Sugar Cane 2000 and Eucalyptus in 2014.